Mycoplasma pneumoniae Essay - 677 Words

Mycoplasma pneumoniae Background: Mycoplasma pneumoniae is unique because of its small genome and physical size. The bacterium contains only 500-2300 Kba in its genome that produces about 700 different proteins. Its reduced genome has been clearly mapped. M. pneumoniae size range from 0.2 to 0.8 micrometer and are capable of passing through most filters designed to remove bacteria. The bacterium is the smallest living organism capable of replicating itself. The bacterium lacks a cell wall but has a three layered cell membrane with sterols. It can take on any shape from cocci to filamentous. An agar plates the colonies have a specific fried egg look. It lives mainly as a parasite in humans where it can maintain its osmotic balance†¦show more content†¦There were 2 million cases in the US with 100,000 requiring hospitalization. The mortality rate is very low with only occasional fatalities among the elderly and sickle cell anemia persons. Virulence: The bacterium evolved by loosing its genes converting it from a free-living microbe into a pathogen. It needs the host’s nutrients in order to survive. The bacterium latches itself onto the host epithelial cells by a 160 kDa type 1 pilli. The pilli, located on a specific organelle on the polar region of the bacterium, attaches to the sialic residues that are present on epithelial cells. It then begins to colonize creating a cascade of problems to the host. M. pneumoniae stops the cilliary movement and produces hydrogen peroxides and superoxides as metabolic waste that kill the epithelial and neighboring cells. The inactive cilia of the epithelium cells produce non-productive coughs, fever and sore throat. It also causes an immune repose monopolizing the immune systems but through antigenic variations it capable of avoiding being phagocytized. By monopolizing the immune system the pathogen is capable of making the host susceptible to other pathogens. Other virulence factors inc lude its ability to deplete nearby cells of nutrients. Treatment: The antibiotic usually given is tetracycline and erythromycin. Penicillins are useless because the bacterium lacks a cell wall. The body’s own immune systems will eventually take care of theShow MoreRelatedPharmaceutical Care Plan - Cap1171 Words   |  5 Pagesand 14%. It is the sixth leading cause of death, and the leading infectious cause of death (Maimon, Nopmaneejumruslers and Marras, 2008). The group of most likely causative bacteria in includes Streptococcus pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Hemophilus influenzae, and Chlamydophila pneumoniae. This essay will appraise the treatment of CAP in an elderly patientwhose care plan can be found in Appendix 1. For the purpose of this essay we will discuss the severity assessment criteria, choice and effectivenessRead MoreMycoplasma Pneumonia Essay825 Words   |  4 PagesMycoplasma Pneumonia is the most common pneumonia ranging in older kids and younger adults. This type of lung infection goes by many different names such as Walking Pneumonia, Eaton Agent Pneumonia and Primary Atypical Pneumonia. Mycoplasma Pneumoniae is one of the smallest living organisms that can reproduce outside of a cell but, prefers to have a host and to be parasitic. Mycoplasma pneumoniae likes to party in the late summer and early fall especially in communities but is still found in theRead MorePneumoni A Serious Infectious Disease1229 Words   |  5 Pagesbacterial pneumonia is Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)† (Pneumonia Can Be Prevented). Bacterial pneumonia is the most common cause of pneumonia in adults whereas viral pneumonia is the most common cause in children, especially in children unde r the age of 2 years. Bacterial infections often only effect on section, or lobe, known as lober pneumonia. Another bacteria like organism called mycoplasma is the cause of walking pneumonia. â€Å"Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) was discovered in 1944 in aRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Pneumonia1470 Words   |  6 Pagescausing pneumonia. There are several different germs that cause pneumonia such as bacteria, viruses, mycoplasma, and fungi. Even chemicals can cause pneumonia. Bacteria is a common cause of pneumonia and the most common one is known as Streptococcus pneumoniae. Although there are several, some other types of bacteria include Legionella pneumophila, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Chlamydophila pneumoniae. Some viruses that cause pneumonia include, adenoviruses, rhinovirus, influenza virus (flu), and respiratoryRead MorePneumonia Is A Common Infectious Disease1614 Words   |  7 Pagescauses community acquired pneumonia is Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae), followed by other pathogens such as Haemophilus influenzae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydophila pneumoniae and Legionella species.8 In addition, community acquired Streptococcus Pneumoniae is found in patients who have not visited or admitted to any medical facility recently.8 DV is a 10 years old male weighing 60lbs who has been diagnosed with S. pneumoniae, the primary treatment for this condition is PenicillinRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of A Common Infectious Disease755 Words   |  4 Pagesan important cause of mortality and morbidity all over the world. The most common bacterial pathogen that a cause of CAP is Streptococcus pneumoniae (penicillin-sensitive and -resistant strains) and accounts for almost thirty percent of CAP cases. Other pathogens include Haemophilus influenza, Moraxella catarrhalis, Haemophilus influenzae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and influenza A. In more than half of the cases of CAP, the pathogen is never recognized (Thiem, Heppner, Pientka, 2011). Plan of TreatmentRead MorePneumonia Disease Research Paper1940 Words   |  8 Pagesincluding the brain, kidneys, and heart. Bacteria can also travel to the area between the lungs and the chest wall causing a complication where there is a buildup of pus around the lungs. The most common causes of bacterial pneumonia are Streptococcus pneumoniae and atypical bacteria. Atypical bacteria are parasitic bacteria that live inside the cell or do not have a cell wall. Furthermore, they cause generally less severe pneumonia, therefore atypical symptoms, and respond to different antibiotics thanRead MoreCommon Pathogens That Cause Heent Infections?1521 Words   |  7 Pagesthe pathogens associated with acute otitis media (AOM) include, S. pneumoniae, H. influenza, M. catarrhalis, and Streptococcus pyogenes. The common cold or rhinosinusitis is likely caused by rhinoviruses, adenoviruses, coronaviruses, enteroviruses, influenza and parainfluenza viruses, and respiratory syncytial virus (Bur ns, Dunn, Brady, Starr, Blosser, 2013). Acute bacterial rhinosinusitis (ABRS) is a result of the S. pneumoniae, H. influenza, M. catarrhalis and/or B-hemolytic streptococci bacteriasRead MorePneumonia: the Silent Killer895 Words   |  4 Pagespneumonias tend to be the most serious and, in adults, the most common cause of pneumonia. The most common pneumonia-causing bacterium in adults is Streptococcus Pneumoniae. Respiratory viruses are the most common causes of pneumonia in young children, peaking between the ages of 2 and 3. By school age, the bacterium Mycoplasma Pneumoniae becomes more common. In some people, particularly the elderly and those who are debilitated, bacterial pneumonia may follow influenza or even a common cold. PeopleRead MoreThe Is The Integrated Pattern Of Human Behavior, Culture, Race, Ethnicity, And Culture922 Words   |  4 Pagesthe age of 16 and continued to have them right up until she died. When she died, her mother, which is my great grandmother, stepped up in her children life. My grandmother, Patricia died of mycoplasma pneumonia and heart failure. According to Braun, Wagner, Huttner, and Schmid (2006), â€Å"Mycoplasma pneumoniae is one of the most common known bacterial pathogens of the respiratory tract, especially in patients between 5 and 30 years of age (p. 371).† This disease caused her to die at age 35 in November

Descriptive Essay - Original Writing - 1102 Words

It is on days like this when we stop to think about our life. Small drops of rain begin to dapple the cobblestone pavement as people whip out their umbrellas for cover. I continue sauntering down the busy street, relishing the feeling of a light shower. Moving with the mass of pedestrians, I stop at a crosswalk where I wait for the stoplight to turn green. A flower shop employee across the street scurries to bring in the numerous bouquets and close the doors as rain starts rolling down the display window, leaving some forgotten decorative balloons to bounce around under the rain. Balloons, much like the ones at the birthday party from many years ago. Their shiny surfaces had glinted under the golden sun that blazed overhead on that hot, summer day. Children, with smiles just as bright as the sun, splashed in the crystal-clear waters, their heads bobbing above the surface. A small girl, grinning from ear to ear, jumped into the pool, causing waves to sweep over the other children. Although everybody re-emerged sooner or later, I still shivered at the sight. Another wave of water splashed across the pavement, feet away from the grassy lawn where I sat crisscross applesauce. Attached to a canopy across the pool, colorful streamers and balloons swayed with each passing breeze. Under a canopy, the grown-ups, like a flock of starlings, gossiped, paying no attention to the rest of the children in the pool. My mom sat tall among them, oblivious to the pain she had given fromShow MoreRelatedDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1110 Words   |  5 PagesI don’t know how I got to where I am, but I’m here now, and I have to win if I want to live. I am in a game, and in order to live, I have to escape. That’s the thing, though: I don’t know how to escape. I was running for my life around this old house that looked like it came straight out of a horror movie. I doubled over and held my head in pain as I saw the static, which meant it was coming. I was being chased by what looked like a person but in no way acted like one. Just as it was about to appearRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing914 Words   |  4 PagesDreamy I thought. Standing on the corner is a young guy with a smile. I see him here almost every day, so I linger for a while. He tells me his name, and I tell him mine. I m Ester, what s your name? I enquired. My names David .,He replied. We end up talking for a while and I asked him if he had ever left this city. He tells me of all these stories of the places where he s been, the distant lakes and mountains, and in valleys oh so green. I can see it in his eyes, he real ly has beenRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing974 Words   |  4 Pages I was used to moving round, having a mother who liked to travel more than making roots was something I had gotten used to. Still, I had never gotten used to the loneliness of an empty house when she was out exploring, or the feeling of leaving behind someone who could have meant something to me. Our most recent move was Oregon. It was pretty, and I didn’t mind it, but it was much different than Florida. Not only was it opposite sides of the country, it felt as if it were opposite worlds. InRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1012 Words   |  5 Pageshave plenty of time in the next month to think about my feeling in regards to Kendrick. I needed to finish up the article and get it off to my editor. I should be able to get it done by tonight and send an email in the morning. I was thinking of writing my next article about the sea life around the Scottish coast. Since our salmon dinner last evening I thought I would do a piece about the commercial salmon farming that began in Scotland in 1969. In 2002 over 145,000 metric tons of farmed AtlanticRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1561 Words   |  7 PagesThere’s something I need to say and what follows may not be something that you’d expect, it won’t be heartening or uplifting. If you remember today, I told you about going somewhere I wanted to go to†¦ I’m not sure if you believed and accepted what I now confess as untrue; it is partly. I needed to pull away emo tionally†¦ from you. You must have had fathomed that some degree of formality had seeped between us. Born of habit, formulaic greetings had become a routine. You presume that I’m a close friendRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1387 Words   |  6 PagesI was wearing a beautiful blue dress with sapphire gems all around the chest area as I entered the ball with Ciel and Sebastian. I took a good look around here, the hallway was lined with gold. There was a servant ready to escort us to the ball room. Hello, come this way. He said, walking forward. Wow, this place is so fancy! I exclaimed, looking around. It s fake gold. Ciel bluntly replied, bringing my hopes down. I sighed. Ciel sounded like he wasn t in a very good mood. Ciel, lightenRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1287 Words   |  6 Pages In the morning, Caireann woke me up. She stood above my bed, shaking my shoulder. I opened my eyes, looking at her. Then I looked across the room to her empty bed. Andy s empty bed sat in the corner. I swallowed, climbing out of bed. Sleep well? Caireann asked me, starting out the door. Yeah, I said, going over to our small dresser. I had the bottom two drawers. Andy had the middle two, and Caireann had the top. I pulled open the drawers, pulling on a colorful tank top and a grayRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1345 Words   |  6 PagesLater that night, I was behind the wheel of my G-Wagon with Melissa in the passenger seat. She didn’t feel like driving since she was on the road all day and I understood so I didn’t mind when she asked me to. I had been tight-lipped. She kept eyeballing me as if she detected that something was bothering me but I just kept singing to my India Arie as if I was carefree. â€Å"So are you going to tell me what’s going on or no† Melissa said disrupting my own personal concert. I stopped singing and tookRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1085 Words   |  5 PagesI WAS SITTING IN a taxi, wondering if I had overdressed for the evening, when I looked out the window and saw Mom rooting through a Dumpster. It was just after dark. A blustery March wind whipped the steam coming out of the manholes, and people hurried along the sidewalks with their collars turned up. I was stuck in traffic two blocks from the party where I was heading. Mom stood fifteen feet away. She had tied rags around her shoulders to keep out the spring chill and was picking through the trashRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing930 Words   |  4 PagesI couldn’t imagine that I would have ever seen a tractor flying through the air, let alone a tractor landing just inches away from the room where my family was taking shelter. All of those childhood memories just gone just like that. My little sister Harper was crying to my mother saying â€Å"Mommy Mommy can it stop can it stop?† she wailed. I know this might seem crazy but that moment it just felt like time paused. And then my mother was crying to my father saying â€Å"Honey we lost her!† my mother cried

Problem and Solution of Global Warming - 1936 Words

Global warming is the observed increase in the average temperature of the Earths atmosphere and oceans. Higher temperatures threaten dangerous consequences: drought, disease, floods, and lost ecosystems. From sweltering heat to rising seas, global warmings effects have already begun. Many people still believe that since the earth is so big, human beings cannot possibly have any major impact on the way the planet operates. The truth is we have grown so numerous and our technologies have become so powerful that we are now capable of having a significant influence on many parts of the earths environment (Gore 22). Without the help of the human race, and the listening ears of our politicians, we are going to leave this extreme crisis to the†¦show more content†¦Another solution, and possibly the first step for the world to work together to reduce global warming, is to put energy efficient, renewable energy, and vehicle technology solutions in place at a federal level. California has been the only state to step up to the plate. In August 2006, the California state legislature passed the landmark Global Warming Solutions Act which mandates that the states greenhouse gas emissions be rolled back to 1990 levels by 2020 (The Vote Heard around the World 1). This first-in-the-nation law puts a cap on gas emissions from power plants, refineries, and manufacturing plants. Since the United States currently produces 70 percent of its electricity from fossil fuels and only two percent from renewable resources, it is certain that by converting into more efficient and renewable energy it would significantly reduce our emissions of heat-trapping gases. Solutions for global warming include big changes, but they also include little things people can do everyday. My proposal is to simply get the word out to everyone. Teaching children in school and people at home how to implement steps on helping solve global warming is very important in todays world. One thing everyone can do is simply reduce emissions from your home energy use by using energy-efficient lighting and appliances, insulating your house, conserving hot water, and turning off lights and computers when youre finished with them. ItsShow MoreRelatedProblems and Solutions to Catastrophic Global Warming1025 Words   |  5 PagesProblems and Solutions to Catastrophic Global Warming Global warming is becoming a major problem for our environment. Global warming is causing the atmosphere to become warmer which causes many problems for the environment. Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere allows sunlight to pass through, but it traps heat from escaping. This causes the earth to warm which keeps the earth from becoming a ball of frozen ice, but excess carbon dioxide causes global warming, which will affect the environment. ThereRead MoreGlobal Warming Is A Big Problem1320 Words   |  6 PagesGallos English 3 Global Warming Global warming is a big problem and impacts our environment in a negative way because it is heating the Earth. Global warming impacts all of the life around us even though not many people recognize it. There are many problems that global warming will make to our environment and it has already impacted it over time. Although, there are many problems, there are also solutions to stop global warming. Climate change is most closely related to global warming and many scientistsRead MoreTaking a Look at Global Warming1483 Words   |  6 Pagespeople, global warming just means that the Earth is getting warmer. What they don’t realize is that global warming is so much more than that. No matter how you call it, â€Å"global warming† or â€Å"climate disruption†, its effects are all the same. Rising sea levels, wildfires, droughts, and storms are all results of these rising temperatures. And if humans keep pumping large amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, thes e natural disasters will be just the first of many. To better understand global warmingRead MoreGlobal Warming : A Global Climate Change1457 Words   |  6 Pageshappened by global warming like, increasing the temperature degrees, and melting the snow mountains around the word. However, global warming has played a major role in changing the weather all over the world. The climate change all over the world is a proof that the weather conditions are changing. Global warming has made some of the hottest land cold now and the countries that never had a summer in millenniums are now having sunlight regularly. These are the basic changes that signify that global warmingRead MoreGlobal Warming Is A Major Problem842 Words   |  4 PagesSalvador Macias Mrs.Gallos English 3 4-16-2015 Global Warming Global Warming is a major problem that needs to be addressed. Its impacts are already costly and significant and is just the beginning of a dangerous trend. The impact of global warming or the more trending term â€Å"climate change† affects not only yourself but the entire world. â€Å"The earth is saying something with record heat, drought, storms and fire. Scientists are telling us this is what global warming looks like. It s time to listen – and takeRead MoreThe Problem Of Global Warming1430 Words   |  6 PagesGlobal Warming in the United Stated Global warming is no longer just a prediction it is actually happening. It is undisputed that the average temperature at the surface of Earth has increased over the past century by 1 degree Fahrenheit, with both the air and the oceans warming. Since 1880, when people in many locations first began to keep temperature records, the 25 warmest years have all occurred within the last 28 years. The problem is that if we keep on hurting our own environment and ecosystemsRead MoreA Solution to Global Warming 1037 Words   |  5 Pagesbut have also helped to cause global warming. The emission of carbon dioxide from these machines in the atmosphere causes global warming. Global warming, defined by Oxford dictionary is a gradual increase in the overall temperature of the earths atmosphere generally attributed to the greenhouse effect caused by increased levels of carbon dioxide, chlorofluorocarbons, and other pollutants (â€Å"Definition of global†¦.†). There are several creative ideas to stop global warming and some of them have promisesRead MoreGlobal Warming And Climate Change974 Words   |  4 Pagesabout global warming, whether it is true or false. Is there evidence to prove that global warming has impacted the climate due to the rise in the earth’s temperature? Climate change is a problem that is worldwide that should be reviewed. The rise in the earth’s temperature has caused some impact to the weather and climate changes to many places worldwide. This rise in temperature has the potential of causing drastic changes to the earth in many ways. It is time to view the global warming concernsRead MoreGlobal Warming Is A Big And Serious Life Threatening Problem1254 Words   |  6 Pagesoceans, more rising sea levels. - (Brainy Quotes). Global warming is a big and serious life threatening problem. Since the 1990’s Global warming’s an issue to the world because greenhouses gases such as carbon dioxide, methane and etc. has been entering our atmosphere . The past years there has been more climate changes which has come to be a problem as a rise in catastrophes such as hurricanes and tornadoes. People will have to come into a solution or the world could end. People have started Read MoreThe Effects Of Global Warming On The Health Of Humans And Wildlife, Communities, And Economies Around The World1470 Words   |  6 Pages Global warming is one of the largest environmental problems of the time, and this naturally occurring phenomenon intensified by pollution has become a threat to the health of humans and wildlife, communities, and economies around the world. Normal greenhouses gases (GHGs) present in the atmosphere include carbon dioxide, water vapor, and nitrous oxide. These gases prohibit too much infrared radiation from reflecting back into space; hence, they trap this energy in the atmosphere to create a constant

Social Contract Theory On The Origin Of State - 1110 Words

SOCIAL CONTRACT THEORY Introduction: The social contract theory is one of the oldest theories on the origin of state. This theory came into existence as a reaction against the divine origin theory. The term ‘social’ is something which is connected with the society, while ‘contract’ means an agreement between two or more people. Thus a term of political theory, ‘social contract’ implies an agreement that makes society possible .this theory holds that the state is the voluntary and deliberate agreement on the part of the people those who emerged from the state of nature, in order to form a state based on a contract between the people and the sovereign and is not made by the god and thus implies that the state is a man`s deliberate creation to serve his needs. The core idea behind this theory is an assumption that there was a period in human history, when there was no state at all and no political law existed. The idea that the power to the ruler is given based on some kind of agreeme nt between him and his subjects is quite old. The social contract theory envisages a state of nature where there were no organised government and rulers. There were no man made laws and no authority to govern the people .the state of nature was prepolitical the idea of social contract divides the state into two phases, i.e. one is the state of nature which was the life of the people before the state came into existence and second is the creation of the state as a result of the contract entered byShow MoreRelatedSocial Contract Theory On The Origin Of State3694 Words   |  15 PagesSOCIAL CONTRACT THEORY 1. INTRODUCTION: The social contract theory is one of the oldest theories on the origin of state. This theory came into existence as a reaction against the divine origin theory. The term ‘social’ is something which is connected with the society, while ‘contract’ means an agreement between two or more people. Thus a term of political theory, ‘social contract’ implies an agreement that makes society possible .this theory holds that the state is the voluntary and deliberate agreementRead MorePolitics And State : Government And Politics1239 Words   |  5 Pagesare essential to political science are nation and state. These words will be heard in any discussion surrounding government and politics, especially when discussed on the international sphere. Often used interchangeably these words are not the same. Nation and state are two distinct words, but state is the only word that does not have a definite origin. However, both words have been given power through the t oxic idea of nationalism. Nation and state are two critical terms in the study of politics andRead MoreSocial Contract Is The Formidable Obelisk For Peacebuilding And Statebuilding1269 Words   |  6 Pages Social Contract is the formidable obelisk for peacebuilding and statebuilding. One of the oldest and widely cited Social Contract theories is the one of theorist’s John Rawls. His theory proposed an objective perspective of the Social Contract concept that was rooted from medieval Europe, this widely accepted principle that â€Å"all men are by nature free and equal† (Lessnoff, 1990, p. 3) made Rawls disparate to his brethren who too theorized this concept. Rawls rendition of the theory was not onlyRead MoreHuman Nature Is Good, And Being A Beast1165 Words   |  5 Pagesfelt that the natural state of man was beast-like, and savage. Thus, he felt that it is civilization that influences and challenges humanity from our fundamental wickedness. Within his view, human nature is dangerous; which can only be rescued through culture and community. According to Hobbes, being â€Å"civilized† is good, and being a â€Å"beast† is not accepted. Contrast this with th e view of Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Rousseau was an Enlightenment philosopher, and wrote The Social Contract which heavily influencedRead More Pateman On Locke Essays1259 Words   |  6 Pages For years social contract theorists had monopolized the explanation of modern society. John Locke was among those who advocated this theory of a collectively chosen set of circumstances. Carole Pateman, on the other hand rejects many of the pillars of the social contract and specifically attacks certain aspects of Lockes argument regarding paternalism and patriarchy. Pateman defends her idea that the individual about which Locke writes is masculine, instead of the gender-encompassing form of theRead MoreLife Without Laws And Regulations Essay879 Words   |  4 Pagestake away our rights based on the State of nature? The social contract would introduce and maintain a controlled society in which protects people’s rights to life, liberty and protection of ones property. John Rawls a modern philosopher carries on the social contract tradition alongside philosophers Thomas Hobbes, John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau developing his own theory of Justice that he states brings upon complete fairness and equality within society the theory of justice, developed in 1971 withRead MoreCoexistence of Equality and Inequality under the Social Contract1508 Words   |  7 PagesPolitical theories abound, considering many parts of society and the body politic. John Locke was one of the first to expound on the origins of property, and sixty-six years later Jean-Jacques Rousseau would also address the issu es of property and inequality. According to Locke and Rousseau, the social contract is sanctioned by formal equalities yet creates or gives way to inequalities after it is formed. Though Locke would argue that inequalities in the private sphere don’t fall under the jurisdictionRead MoreEvolution and the Modern Social Contract Theory : Essay Outline1050 Words   |  5 PagesThe Emergence of the Modern Social Contract Theory Essay Outline POLS 14033 – Political Ideas and Ideologies The Emergence of the Modern Social Contract Theory Essay Question: Firstly, in this essay, we will describe and analyze the various concepts of the evolution and emergence of the modern social contract theory thru the analysis of several of its key political thinkers. We will provide a detailed review of the concepts that have developed and that were crucial for theRead MoreWeaknesses Of Social Contract Theory928 Words   |  4 PagesSocial Contract theory is the idea that in the beginning people lived in the state of nature with no government and laws to regulate them. In order to overcome the issues involved in the state of nature, people entered into agreements to protect themselves and their properties. They did this by uniting, rescinding certain rights under the state of nature, and pledging themselves to an authority that will guarantee certain protections. They all agree to live together under those laws and create aRead MoreSocial Contract And The Civil Society979 Words   |  4 Pages The social contract and the push for individuals to enter it rely on some conception of a state of nature. Whilst the expected behaviour of persons in the state of nature differs among the social contract theorists, the classical writings all share one common feature, a â€Å"generalised potential for threat† from other persons (Dicus 2015, p. 105). However, the nature of this threat in the hypothetical state of nature is not verifiable, as is the transition to civil society. The â€Å"signing† of the social

Information Assurance Free Essays

We live and conduct business in an active asymmetric threat environment. An individual, business or organization must adapt and protect its vital information assets and critical digital infrastructure. Failure to do so is reckless and may be considered as an obvious lack of due diligence for people who have fiduciary and custodial responsibilities. We will write a custom essay sample on Information Assurance or any similar topic only for you Order Now Any event that causes damage to information resources, whether it is a computer virus, natural disaster or system failure could be devastating to an individual (i.e. identity theft), company, its customers, suppliers and shareholders. Failing to do so may threaten the survival of the company itself. An information system security breach could result in serious financial losses, the disclosure of protected private information, loss of research and development data or fines by regulatory agencies. Losses due to intrusions into an information system could negatively affect the general public (i.e. power failures). This might result in costly class action lawsuits that could exceed an organization’s ability to pay and result in its dissolution. Even an individual might be sued for negligence and be financially ruined. So how should an organization or person protect its valuable digital processing infrastructure? A business should establish and implement a comprehensive information assurance plan. Individuals should at least address the components of a professional information assurance plan. Doing so is evidence that the infrastructure owners are attempting to practice due diligence. An information assurance plan for an organization should be formalized and approved in the organization’s policies and have the following components: Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability, Accountability and Non-Repudiation. Let’s briefly examine each: A. Confidentiality refers to restricting access to data, information or to any component of the digital processing infrastructure unless there is a â€Å"Need† for an individual to be able to access it. The â€Å"need† must be aligned with an employee’s job requirements and the mission of the organization. Strong confidentiality prevents the disclosure of sensitive records, research and development information. B. Integrity refers to maintaining the validity and reliability of information that is to be used for decision-making. An information infrastructure that has integrity can be depended upon when making decisions. The information is otherwise useless. Integrity must be aggressively assured. C. Availability is that characteristic of information, which assures that critical information is ready for access precisely when, and where it is needed and to whom it is needed so that decisions can be made. Computers and networks must be protected to assure that mission critical data is on hand when needed. D. Accountability refers to the idea of assigning responsibility to an individual or group of individuals for each part of the digital processing infrastructure. Each time the information infrastructure is accessed someone needs to be responsible for its safe and legitimate use. Otherwise the system is open to serious security breaches. E. Non-Repudiation is that component of information assurance that guarantees each party to a transaction is bound to its results. E-commerce, for example, would be impossible without provisions for assuring that a customer actually made a purchase. Maintaining the confidentiality, integrity, availability and non-repudiation of the information processing infrastructure is vital to the survival of an organization. How to cite Information Assurance, Essay examples

Arthur Miller Essay On Salesman In Beijing Example For Students

Arthur Miller Essay On Salesman In Beijing Arthur Miller was born in 1915 in the city of New York. During his mid-teen years the depression hit his family extremely hard and forced Miller to leave high school and attempt to find work. Most of the plays that Miller wrote were based on contempory society but from first sight The Crucible seems very different. The Crucible was used as an oblique comment on society at that time. At that time communists were being tracked down in an attempt to rid of them. They were made to accomplish a political purity test where their loyalty to America had to be proved. If they failed this test they would have been executed, and this is why Miller wrote about the witch trials of Salem. As Miller himself had communist sympathies, and was himself arrested but later released, he was far too frightened to write directly about how he felt the actions of Joseph McCartney were a disgrace. As the witch trials were very similar he felt it would get his points across. People who had been seen to have skills in witchcraft were also made to take a test but in this case, to prove their loyalty to god. Failure of this test also led to execution. During the time of the Salem witch trials the people had to fulfil the standards of the Puritan religion. The Puritan religion had very strict rules and if these rules were broken they would be seriously punished, such as being beaten or whipped, or in worst case such as using witchcraft, they would be executed. Only plain clothes could be worn. For the women this meant bonnets, old maid dresses and aprons. Men wore top hats, black knee length trousers and black jackets. Both sexes were made to wear clothing with long sleeves and long socks. The less flesh that was seen the better as it gave them a purer look. No accessories or make up could be worn. The only social events they were allowed to take place in was visiting church and working. There was no drinking, gambling, theatre or dancing to take part in everyday of the year and Sundays were kept totally free, as it was Gods day. Very different from modern life! This is why there is such a sombre, miserable atmosphere throughout the play. The strictness of the Puritan religion is mainly seen at the beginning of the play in a speech from Parris to his niece, Abigail. The utter disgust and shame Parris feels about how his daughter and niece were found dancing in the forest is very clear in how he speaks about it. The fact that he calls a simple thing such as dancing a disruption shows how strict the Puritan religion is about these activities. Also, as the community is very close and isolated it is very easy for the knowledge of how Abigail and her friends were caught dancing in the forest to travel around it. These activities were seen as being so obscene that it blackened anybodys name that took part in it throughout the village! It also blackened the whole households name and this is why Parris feels such worry about how the community will react to him. The religion is why the title, The Crucible is so significant. A crucible is a pot in which metals would be purified. Its basically saying that the whole puritan religion is like a crucible, to be in them, no deficiencies are allowed. The girls create many moments of high tension and hysteria throughout the play. The first main moment of tension created by the girls is when their fear of what their punishment will be for dancing in the wood. All the girls are extremely scared but only Mary Warren has the confidence to speak out to Abigail about it.

Project on Flood Affected Areas Essay Example

Project on Flood Affected Areas Essay Apart from the efforts of me, the success of any project depends largely on the encouragement from parents. I take this opportunity to express my gratitude to the people who have been instrumental in the successful completion of this project. I would like to show my greatest appreciation to Mr. Ali Ahsan. I can’t say thank you enough for his tremendous support and help. I feel motivated and encouraged every time I attend his meeting. Without his encouragement and guidance this project would not have materialized. The guidance and support received from all the people who contributed and who are contributing to this project, was vital for the success of the project. I am grateful for their constant support and help. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Interloop Pvt company is a medium-sized utility company that is presently evaluating the extension of natural gas service to a residential development near Galena, Illinois. Part of the proposed gas-line siting project includes the anticipated construction of five miles of pipeline through a remote area of rough terrain. The AffiliatedResearch Center (ARC) project between WPL and the University of Wisconsin-Madison, Environmental Remote Sensing Center (UW/ERSC) was designed to determine best-route options through this area. In brief, this project is concerned about Flood_______________ It covers in details about activities___________________ . In this project the following points are going to be discussed: 1. PROJECT CHARTER Project Title: Medical Aid to Flood Effective People of Mardan and Noshera Project Manager:Mr. Ahsan Javed Project Sponsor:The Inter Loop Pvt. Ltd We will write a custom essay sample on Project on Flood Affected Areas specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Project on Flood Affected Areas specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Project on Flood Affected Areas specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Purpose of the Project Pakistan is facing the worst floods in its history due to the heaviest monsoon rains seen the country for more than 80 years. An estimated 3. 2 million people have been affected across the country including an estimated 1. 4 million children. At least 35 districts in north-west Pakistan have been severely affected by the floods, affecting the lives of an estimated 1. 5 million people, while nine other districts have been moderately affected. Some 1,500 people are reported dead, with this number likely to rise as the waters recede. In Khyber-Pakhtoon khawa, formerly known as the North Western Frontier Province, an estimated 2. 4 million people have been affected. Reports of damage are extensive, including widespread damage to infrastructure, water and sanitation services, crops and agricultural production, as well as social services including hundreds of clinics and schools. According to the Provincial Disaster Management Authority (PDMA), an estimated 500,000 people have been displaced due to the flooding. By keeping all these things in mind we The Inter Loop Pvt. Ltd are providing the basic health services to the Flood effective people. MISSION OF THE PROJECT Our mission is to provide the basic health services i. e. medicines to the flood victims of Pakistan. We will provide the services to the people by personally visiting them through our selected team, and will personally monitor the whole scenario of the area under which we have to operate. PROJECT DESCRIPTION The Inter loop Pvt. Ltd is a well recognized software manufacturing company with a profit of almost 32 million per year. The company is looking forward to provide the aid of Medicines to the flood effectives. All these services will be provided through the vehicles that will be purchased during the project in the Execution Phase. The project will be done on urgent basis as it is of high importance for the people who are there in the effected areas. As the company is associated with another nature of business that is software development so all the things i. e. Medicines will going to be purchased by floating the tender in local newspaper. Furthermore the vehicle will going to be purchased for the Project. The amount of drugs/ Non-drugs items that will be required will going to be calculated by the Survey team that will going to visit the affected areas. The project will totally be funded by the organization itself as it wants to give aid to the flood victims of Pakistan. Roles and Responsibilities: The project will be carried out under the supervision of Mr. Ahsan Javed who will act as the Project Manager. The responsibilities of Project Manager will be as follows: 1. Comprehend and implement organizational project policies and procedures 2. Maintain project staff technical proficiency and productivity, and provide training where required. 3. Develop Project Plan, The Project Plan should include the Project Charter, Scope Statement, constraints, assumptions, WBS defining project deliverables, cost estimates and project budget, major milestones, schedule, resource requirements, acquisition/procurement plans, risk analysis and response plans, project team structure and communications plan. Also included will be the deliverables acceptance criteria (quality metrics) and the acceptance process. 4. Obtain stakeholder approval and acceptance of the Project Plan. . Obtain organizational commitment and support for completion of project task assignments, timing and quality. 6. Establish baseline. 7. Manage and monitor day-to-day activity and provide direction to team members. 8. Manage to and monitor quality targets and goals (both project and product). 9. Manage and monitor risk response strategies. 10. Disseminate project infor mation and maintain communication. 11. Develop and update system security plan and other security deliverables. 12. Manage, or support, procurement process and contract administration requirements. 13. Develop and distribute project performance reports. Regularly review project status, evaluating performance criteria (scope, cost, schedule quality). 14. Develop and manage corrective action plans. 15. Evaluate project performance and initiate change requests as required (scope, cost, schedule or quality). 16. Participate in change control board to review and approve process change. 17. Review project risks and establish risk response plans. 18. Adjust project planning, as required, to include approved changes in scope, timing, cost or quality after obtaining customer approval. 19. Obtain Management approval and acceptance of completed product. Furthermore the Project Manager is authorized to select his own team for the completion of the project. Roles and Responsibilities of Project Teams: The Project Team is responsible for performing the project activities. Project Team members, as required, may assist the Project Manager with planning the project (ex. scope and WBS) and they may also assist with obtaining commitments to complete the project within established schedule and budget constraints. Stakeholders should interact with the Project Team to ensure that requirements are properly understood and implemented. Following are the individuals that are the part of our project: S. No |NAME |DESIGNATION | |1 |Mr. Shafqat |CEO of the Company | |2 |Mr. Ahsan Javed |Project Manager | |3 |Mr. Ali Azmat |Procurement Manager | |4 |Mr. Nazakat Hussain |Human Resource Manager | |5 |Mr. Qayyum Khan |Monitoring and Controlling Manager | |6 |Mr. Adeel Ahmed |Finance Manager | |7 |Mr. Ilyas Bhatti |Quality Manager | |8 |Mr. Mustafa |Procurement Team | |9 |Mr. Mateen |Procurement Team | |10 |Mr. Faisal |Medicine Disbursements Team | |11 |Mr. Sohail |Medicine Disbursement Team | |12 |Mr. Mansoor |Survey Team | |13 |Mr. Ameen |Survey Team | |14 |Mr. Sarfaraz |Survey Team | |15 |Mr. Ismail |Survey Team | REQUIREMENT OF THE PROJECT For the Completion of the Project we will require the following things: 1. We would require the survey report that will be created by our survey team after their survey to the flood effected areas. 2. First of all we will require having the budget approved so that we can start working on our project as scheduled. 3. We have to purchase the required medicines that we will distribute to the flood effective people. 4. For the proper distribution of medicine we would require to purchase the vehicles that will be loaded with medicines and then will be sending to the effective area. Project Acceptance Criteria There are certain teams made for the acceptance of certain activities that are occurring across the project. The activities for which the Acceptance criteria are defined are as follows: 1. Project Budget: Project Budget will be accepted by the higher authorities of the company and will be finalized after the mutual collaboration with the Project Manager Mr. Ahsan Javed. The budget will be accepted only if it is under the profit of the company. 2. Human Resource: The people that will going to be hired as Distribution team will be selected and finalized by the mutual collaboration of Project Manager and Human Resource Manager. The finalized team will be reported to the project manager for the final approval in written. As the Project Manager will sign, the team will then be ready for their work in the field. 3. Procurement Acceptance: All the things related to procurement will be accepted only by the committee that will be created by the Project Manager and headed by him also. The committee will check procurement by themselves. In case of Drugs/Non-Drugs item the sample will be tested through the laboratories to check whether the Drugs are as per the quality. The acceptance will be finalized only when the medicines will be as per the standard quality. After that the documents will be signed by the Project Manager as being approved. 4. Deliverable Acceptance: The deliverable will be accepted only when they are properly distributed to the flood effected people in the city of Noshera and Mardan. RISKS OF THE PROJECT Following are the Initial Risks for our Project that can occur: 1. Non-approval of Project Budget by the Organization can cause the project to be stopped. 2. Non-Availability of Project Team. 3. Un-Identification of stakeholders of the Project. MILESTONES OF THE PROJECT The following will going to be the Milestones of our project: |S. No |MILESTONES |DATE | |1 |Budget Approval from the Organization |23-12-2010 | |2 |Inspection Team Report/Survey Report |09-02-2011 | |3 |Purchase of Medicine |11-03-2011 | |4 |Purchase of Vehicles |01-02-2011 | |5 |Disbursement of Medicines to Flood Victims |09-03-2011 | |6 |Final Report |29-04-2011 | ESTIMATED BUDGET FOR THE PROJECT The estimated budget for our project is Rs. 3,520,965/- Approvals: | | | |Project Manager Signature | |CEO Signature | | | | | |Mr. Ahsan Javed (Project Manager) | |Mr. Shafqat (CEO) | | | | | Date Date STAKEHOLDER REGISTER Name of Stake |Designation |Department |Role in Project |Type of Communication |Expectation |Interest |Power | |Holder | | | | | | | | |Mr. Ahsan Javed |Project Manager |Project Department |To manage and |Daily meetings |Completion of |High |High | | | | |monitor the whole | |project with in | | | | | | |project | |time, scope and | | | | | | | | |budget. | | | |Mr. Shafqat |CEO |Higher Management |To Finance the |Weekly Meetings |Proper allocation of|High |High | | | | |Project | |budget | | | |Mr. Ali Azmat |Procurement Manager |Procurement |To procure the |Written and Verbal |To Procure the Cheap|High |High | | | | |Medicines and | |and the best | | | | | | |Vehicles | |available | | | |Mr. Nazakat |Hr Manager |Human Resource |To hire people for|Face-to-Face, Written |To hire the Best |High |High | | | | |the proper | |People Available in | | | | | | |disbursement of | |the Market | | | | | | |Medicines | | | | | |Mr. Qayyum |Monitoring and |M C |To analyze the |Written and Verbal |Project should be |High |High | | |Controlling Manager | |whole project and | |run smoothly n error| | | | | | |control if any | |should be as minimum| | | | | | |flaws are there in| |as possible | | | | | | |the Project | | | | | |Mr. Adeel Ahmed |Finance Manager |Finance |To assist Project |Face-to-Face |To allot as Minimum |High |Low | | | | |manager in | |budget to the | | | | | | |calculating the | |Project as Possible | | | | | | |cost and budget of| |within the best | | | | | | |the project | |quality | | | |Mr. Ilyas Bhatti|Quality Manager |Quality |To check that all |Written, Verbal |The Procured items |High |High | | | | |the procurements | |should be of best | | | | | | |are right on to | |quality | | | | | | |the quality | | | | | | | | |standards. | | | | | |Mr. Abid Mr. Trainers |Human Resource |To train the |Written, Verbal |To train them in |Low |Low | |Farooq | | |Selected persons | |best way as | | | | | | |for the | |possible, they also | | | | | | |distribution of | |expect that they | | | | | | |Medicines | |will be provided | | | | | | | | |with the best | | | | | | | | |training material | | | |Mr. Mustafa |Procurement Team |Procurement |To assist |Face-to-Face |The best quality |Low |Low | |Mr. Mateen |Members | |Procurement | |medicines will be | | | | | | |manager in the | |easily available | | | | | | |Procurement | | | | | | | | |Process | | | | | |Mr. Faisal Mr. |Disbursement Team | |To Properly |Face-to-Face |Complete |Low |Low |Sohail | | |Distribute the | |distribution of | | | | | | |Medicines to the | |Medicines | | | | | | |Effective People | | | | | |Mr. Mansoor, Mr. |Survey Team | |To survey the |written |Proper inspection of|High |Low | |Ameen, Mr. | | |flood effective | |each n every flood | | | |Sarfaraz Mr. | |areas n make a | |effective area of | | | |Ismail | | |report on that | |Noshera Mardan | | | | | | |survey | | | | | |Supplier of |Nil |Nil |To provide the |Written and Verbal |Maximum Demand of |High |Low | |Medicine | | |necessary | |Medicines | | | | | | |medicines that are| | | | | | | | |demanded | | | | | |General Public |Nil |Nil |Nil |Nil |Availability of |Low |Low | | | | | | |Medicines | | | STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS MATRIX STAKEHOLDER ANALYS IS MATRIX Mr. Shafqat Mr. Nazakat Mr. QayyumMr. Ahsan Javed Mr. Ilyas Bhatti Mr. Ali Azmat Mr. Adeel Ahmed Mr. Mansoor, Mr. Ameen, Mr. Sarfaraz Mr. Ismail Mr. Faisal Mr. Sohail Mr. Abid Mr. Farooq Mr. Mustafa Mr. MateenSupplier of Medicine General Public PROJECT MANAGEMENT PLAN PROJECT SCOPE STATEMENT PROJECT SCOPE STATEMENT Project Scope Description The Inter Loop Pvt. Ltd is a software development company. The company is going up drastically over the past 5 years and had made a remarkable position in the market through its software advancement. As we all know that summer 2010 had produced Pakistan worst flooding in 80 years. The number of people have effected due to the flood, they need many items like food, shelter, clothing and many more. We are a Pakistani based company, so we feel that we should help the needy people of Pakistan who are under lot of problems. Almost 20% of the area of Pakistan is affected by this heavy flood. The numerous areas are still under the water and is polluting the environment, due to which numerous diseases are spreading around. This will going to make the dead rise go even higher. So we as a company will going to contribute our part for the rehabilitation of the flood effectives. We are now looking forward to provide the basic medicines that are required, so that the flood effectives can use them and prevent themselves and their children from different diseases that can take birth from the dirty water standing in the flood effective areas. As 20% area of Pakistan is being affected from the flood ranging from Punjab through Sindh, Khyber Pakhtoon khawa and all over to Baluchistan. Each and every Province of the country is somewhat effected form the heavy flood. The stat shows that Khyber Pakhtoon Khawa is heavily effected with the flood and the cities like Noshera and Mardan are on the top. We are now looking forward to provide the basis medicines/drugs or Non-drugs item too the areas of Khyber Pakhtoon Khawa so that the people can utilize the services. The amount of Medicines required in the area will going to be collected by the Survey team. The inspection team will visit the effected areas by themselves and will going to calculate the amount of drugs/non-drug item that are needed there. Furthermore the medicines and vehicles will going to be procured by the organization by floating the tender in National Newspaper. The whole project will be funded by the organization itself. The project will be carried out under the supervision of Mr. Ahsan Javed (Project Manager) who is a qualified professional and had numerous degrees regarding Project Management. He is the man who is really capable for the project. He is responsible for all the activities that will be carried out in the project. He will be reporting directly to the Higher Authorities of the organization. Communication with our stakeholders will depend upon the activities that will be under process. The stakeholder who will be involved in the activities will be informed on routine basis about the progress of the project. Furthermore special meetings will going to be held in the supervision of the project manager that will be for the discussion of any risk if occurred in the project. In these risk discussion meetings only managers for different department will be gathered and thus the method to resolve the risk. For this project we would require a complete team of 17 members who will be performing different activities at different point in time of the project. The list of team members with their designation is as follows: |Master |NAME |DESIGNATION | |1 |Mr. Shafqat |CEO of the Company | |2 |Mr. Ahsan Javed |Project Manager | |3 |Mr. Ali Azmat |Procurement Manager | |4 |Mr. Nazakat Hussain |Human Resource Manager | |5 |Mr. Qayyum Khan |Monitoring and Controlling Manager | |6 |Mr. Adeel Ahmed |Finance Manager | |7 |Mr. Ilyas Bhatti |Quality Manager | |8 |Mr. Mustafa |Procurement Team | |9 |Mr. Mateen |Procurement Team | |10 |Mr. Faisal |Medicine Disbursements Team | |11 |Mr. Sohail |Medicine Disbursement Team | |12 |Mr. Mansoor |Survey Team | |13 |Mr. Ameen |Survey Team | |14 |Mr. Sarfaraz |Survey Team | |15 |Mr. Ismail |Survey Team | There is a complete reporting pattern of these members with one another as they will going to be involved in the project. The complete reporting relation is given below: Project Acceptance Criteria There are certain teams made for the acceptance of certain activities that are occurring across the project. The activities for which the Acceptance criteria are defined are as follows: 1. Project Budget: Project Budget will be accepted by the higher authorities of the company and will be finalized after the mutual collaboration with the Project Manager Mr. Ahsan Javed. The budget will be accepted only if it is under the profit of the company. 2. Human Resource: The people that will going to be hired as Distribution team will be selected and finalized by the mutual collaboration of Project Manager and Human Resource Manager. The finalized team will be reported to the project manager for the final approval in written. As the Project Manager will sign, the team will then be ready for their work in the field. 3. Procurement Acceptance: All the things related to procurement will be accepted only by the committee that will be created by the Project Manager and headed by him also. The committee will check procurement by themselves. In case of Drugs/Non-Drugs item the sample will be tested through the laboratories to check whether the Drugs are as per the quality. The acceptance will be finalized only when the medicines will be as per the standard quality. After that the documents will be signed by the Project Manager as being approved. 4. Deliverable Acceptance: The deliverable will be accepted only when they are properly distributed to the flood effected people in the city of Noshera and Mardan. Work Packages Project Deliverables There are not many deliverables of our Project. The only deliverable that we have to give to our customers that are the flood victims are the proper disbursement of the medicines. Work Products 1. First and Foremost important work product of our project is the survey report generated by the Survey Team that will visit the effected areas at the start of the project. This work product is like the backbone of the project as all the future actions will be dependent upon the report. 2. All the bidding documents that will be created for the process of procurement (Medicines and other items). 3. The stakeholder register will also be an important part of the project that will help us to know that what are the expectation of each stakeholder, how much is their power and level of interest in the project. 4. All the Project related plans like Human Resource Plan, Quality Plan, Risk Management Plan, Communication Plan, and Procurement plans are important work products as it helps Project Manager to understand that which technique will be used to handle which type of situation. Project Exclusions We know that around 20% of the area of Pakistan is effected by the Flood. We are not that big company so we are not able to provide the medicines to all the effected areas. Therefore we are only targeting the areas of Noshera and Mardan (Cities of Khyber Pakhtoon Khawa Province). All the Other effected area is not the part of our project. Project Constraints The main constraint of our project is the allotted budget. The allotted budget is the main constraint against which the project must be completed because the organization is giving the aid to the flood victims only through its profit. Project Assumptions W assume in our project that the budget will going to be approve on time by the higher authority of the organization. These will ultimately going to boast the morale of the project team. Furthermore we as a team are hoping that the required Medicines will be easily available in the market, which will help us to complete our project according to the goal we had set before. PROJECT SCHEDULE [pic] PROJECT COST [pic] PROJECT QUALITY MANAGEMENT PLAN Purpose of the Document The purpose of making this Plan i. e. Quality Management Plan is that each and every single task of the Project should be done as per the quality standards defined by our Company (The Inter Loop Pvt. Ltd). All the works that will be carried out under the project will be measured under different quality Measuring Criteria that have been identified by the organization in the past. Another main purpose for making this document is to inform the stakeholders of the project that who will, and how he/she will do the quality assessment of different tasks of the project. Roles and Responsibilities The Project Quality Management will be monitor by Mr. Ilyas Bhatti and Mr. Qayyum Khan as they are the Quality Manager and Monitoring Controlling Manager for our Project. He will be responsible for assuring that all the activities carried out under the Project are within the quality standards of the Organization. The Quality Manager will equally be supported by the Project Manager Mr. Ahsan Javed. In detail following will be the list of roles of the Quality Manager. 1. He will be assisting the Project manager for the making of Quality Management Plan for our Project. 2. Assist the product managers and related stakeholders in the development of test procedures or whatever is needed to complete the preparation of Quality Control procedures. 3. Ensure that the stakeholders’ requirements from all products and services are well documented and are conducive to being verified and audited against the final deliverable. 4. Review and audit the Quality Control procedures on a regular basis to ensure that they will actually trap any variance between documented requirements and the final deliverable. 5. Conduct additional audits or Quality Control reviews by demand of the project manager or because of an event driven cause. 6. Document all reviews and audits performed. 7. Provide feedback to the project manager on a regular basis or on demand. 8. Assist various stakeholders in the process of improving production processes, Quality Control processes. 9. Recommend updates to the Quality Plan to treat problems at hand. 10. Keep a noncompliance log and ensure that recorded compliance issues are resolved and corrected. Quality Definition for our Project Our Project is Quality sound only and only if all the activities are completed as per the scheduling that has been done in Ms Project. Quality Matrices As the Quality Manager is also an important element of Monitoring and Controlling Phase of our project. The Quality Manager and MC Manager therefore will be closely monitoring all the activities happening in the project and will going to report the performance to the Project Manager. This report will going to summarize all the processes that has been carried out in the project and how they both had analyzed different problems and the ways to resolve those problems. Quality Audits and Process Improvement Plan The quality manager upon the orders of the Project Manager will personally going to be involve in the complete process of procurement of the Medicines and the vehicles because they are the only procurements of our project. Furthermore the quality manager will continue to check the qualities of the Medicine and will inform the respective authorities about any mishap that will be occurring in the project. The action will be taken as quickly as possible so that the problems can be resolve on time. Quality Check List Following will be the list of Activities that will be considered by the Quality Manager: 1. Project Quality Plan Quality Manager Mr. Ilyas Bhatti has to support Project Manager for the Preparation of Project Quality Management Plan. 2. Identification of Stakeholders Quality Manager will also help the Project Manager in collecting the requirement, making of stakeholder register and in making the Power/Interest Graph. 3. Project Scope Statement He will also going to coordinate with the whole project team for the creation of the Project Scope Statement. 4. Project Schedule The Quality manager will also collaborate with the project team for the proper scheduling of the project. 5. Project Communication Plan The Manager of Quality will also going to interact with the team of project so that the complete plan of communication can be created. 6. Procurement of Medicine Quality Manager will be completely involve in the process of procurement of medicines so that the Medicine that are being procured are of tandard quality. 7. Procurement of Vehicle Quality Manager will also involve in the procurement of vehicles so that the purchased vehicles are of good quality. 8. Final Report The Quality Manager with the collaboration of other Project team members wil l going to create the final report of the project. This report will then be submitted to the CEO of the company so that he can know what happened in the project and hoe the funds were distributed among different activities. PROJECT HUMAN RESOURCE PLAN Purpose of Document This document is being created to tell all the people who are related to this project that how much resource is involve in this Project. The plan also describes that what are the role and responsibilities of different team members who are doing the project or who are the part of this project. Furthermore this document tells that how different resources are distributed among different project activities. Members of the Project Team The Project Team for this project is comprises of 15 members. There name and designation in the organization are as follows: |S. No |NAME |DESIGNATION | |1 |Mr. Shafqat |CEO of the Company | |2 |Mr. Ahsan Javed |Project Manager | |3 |Mr. Ali Azmat |Procurement Manager | |4 |Mr. Nazakat Hussain |Human Resource Manager | |5 |Mr. Qayyum Khan |Monitoring and Controlling Manager | |6 |Mr. Adeel Ahmed |Finance Manager | |7 |Mr. Ilyas Bhatti |Quality Manager | |8 |Mr. Mustafa |Procurement Team | |9 |Mr. Mateen |Procurement Team | |10 |Mr. Faisal |Medicine Disbursements Team | |11 |Mr. Sohail |Medicine Disbursement Team | |12 |Mr. Mansoor |Survey Team | |13 |Mr. Ameen |Survey Team | |14 |Mr. Sarfaraz |Survey Team | |15 |Mr. Ismail |Survey Team | Roles and Responsibilities of Team Members 1. CEO Mr. Shafqat is the CEO of The Inter Loop Pvt. Ltd. He is the one who hold the power of the project. He himself will be heavily involved in the project. This person had the authority to hire the Project Manager. Mr. Shafqat is the only person in the organization who will going to give the budget for the Project. The project is not of corporate nature, so the CEO will be directly involved in almost all the activities of project. All other members of the team work under CEO. 2. Project Manager Mr. Ahsan Javed is the Project Manager for this project. He is responsible for all the project activities going under. Project Manager will be heavily involved in the preparation of all the Planning documents ranging from Project charter to all the way till the final end report. Mr. Ahsan will also be collaborating with the supporting staff of the Project so that each activity should be carried out as planned. Project Manager will be working under the CEO. All the other department members i. e. Procurement Manager and his team, Finance Manager, Quality Manager, HR manager and his team, MC Manager, Disbursement Team and Survey Team will going to report through their respective bosses to Project Manager. 3. Procurement Department Mr. Ali Azmat will going to be the Procurement Manager for this Project. His responsibility is primarily considered with the procurement for Project i. e. Procurement of Medicines and Vehicles. Mr. Ali Azmat will directly be reporting to the Project Manager Mr. Ahsan Javed. Under Mr. Ali Azmat will going to be two sub-ordinates named Mr. Mustafa Mr. Mateen. 4. Human Resource Department Mr. Nazakat Hussain will going to be the Human Resource Manager for our Project. His responsibility will going to hire the people for the proper disbursement of the Medicine to the Effective People. 5. Quality Manager Mr. Ilyas Bhatti will going to the Quality Manager for our Project. His role is to ensure that all the activities are being done as per the standard of the organization. The main role of the quality manager comes at the time of procurement of Medicines that will ensure that each and every item should be falling on the pure quality criteria. Quality Manager will also be working under the Supervision of Project Manager and will directly be reporting to him. 6. Finance Manager Mr. Adeel Ahmed will going to be the Project Finance Manager. The Role of the Finance Manager will going to help Project Manager to estimate the cost and budget for the project. 7. Monitoring and Controlling Manager Mr. Qayyum will going to be the MC Manager for this project. The role of Mr. Qayyum will going to have an eye on each and every activity of the project and to inform Project Manager if he find any flaws in the project. 8. Survey Team The Survey team is comprises of four members named as Mr. Mansoor, Mr. Ameen, Mr. Sarfaraz and Mr. Ismail. This team will going to visit the cities of Noshera and Mardan and will going to make a report on the disaster that occurred due to flood. This report will going to be really important in our project because all the procurement activities will be based on it. The Survey Report will be under the direct supervision of Project Manager Mr. Ahsan Javed. ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE / REPORTING RELATION PROJECT COMMUNICATION PLAN Purpose of the Document The basic purpose of this document is to tell the whole team of the project that how we will going to communicate with each and every member of the team. This plan will ultimately going to define what are the problems we are facing at the moment and how we will going to resolve them. Roles and Responsibilities Name of Stake Holder |Designation |Type of Communication |Communication Individuals | |Mr. Ahsan Javed |Project Manager |Daily meetings, Final Report, and |Mr. Ali Azmat, Mr. Nazakat, Mr. | | | |Project Plans |Qayyum, Mr. Adeel Ahmed, Mr. | | | | |Ilyas Bhatti, Mr. Mansoor, Mr. | | | | |Ameen, Mr. Sarfaraz Mr. | | | |Ismail | |Mr. Shafqat |CEO |Weekly Meetings, Project Documents|Mr. Ahsan Javed | |Mr. Ali Azmat |Procurement Manager |Written and Verbal, Project |Mr. Ilyas Bhatti, Mr. Qayyum, | | | |Documents |Mr. Ahsan Javed | |Mr. Nazakat |Hr Manager |Face-to-Face, Written i. . Project|Mr. Abid Mr. Farooq, | | | |Documents | | |Mr. Qayyum |Monitoring and Controlling |Written and Verbal, Project |Mr. Ahsan Javed | | |Manager |Documents | | |Mr. Adeel Ahmed |Finance Manager |Face-to-